Investigation of physicochemical properties and radiation resistance of fullerene and endohedral metallofullerene derivatives under the ionizing radiation influence

The radiation resistances of fullerenes C$_{60}$ and C$_{70}$, end metallofullerenes Me@C$_{2n}$ ($n = 30$–$50$), derivatives C$_{60}$(OH)$_{(30)}$ and Me@C$_{2n}$(OH)$_{30-40}$ (Me = Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Ho, Fe, Co), and complexes with biocompatible polymers – polyvinylpyrrolidone and dextrin – Fe@C$_{60}$(C$_6$H$_9$NO)$_n$ , Sm@C$_{82}$(C$_6$H$_9$NO)$_n$ , Gd@C$_{82}$(C$_6$H$_9$NO)$_n$ and Fe@C$_{60}$(C6H$_{10}$O$_5$)$_n$ were studied. For the structures irradiated by protons with energies of $100$ MeV and $1$ GeV, radiation resistance was estimated. The comparison of the results of radiation resistance under irradiation by protons and reactor neutrons at fluencies from $10^{18}$ to $10^{19}$ cm$^{(-2)}$ was carried out. It is shown, that endofullerenols are more stable under the proton and neutron irradiation than initial endofullerenes. The molecules containing Eu, Gd and Sm with large thermal neutron capture cross sections were found to be the most stable under neutron irradiation. The mechanism of rebuilding of secondary endofullerenols Eu, Sm, Gd, as well as other factors’ influence on radiation resistance are discussed.