Abstract:
Theme-related results on orthogonal Latin squares were already known in the 18th century. They were obtained by the Korean mathematician Choi Seok-Jeong (1646–1715) and later by Leonhard Euler (1707–1783). In the mid-19th century, symmetric configurations, which can be seen as a generalization of the notion of finite projective plane, were studied by Julius Plücker (1801–1868), Karl Georg Christian von Staudt (1798–1867), Thomas Penyngton Kirkman (1806–1895), and other mathematicians. But we consider in detail the research on finite projective planes starting with the achievements of Hermann Wiener (1857–1939), Gino Fano (1871–1951), Federigo Enriques (1871–1946), Eliakim Moore (1862–1932), and David Hilbert (1862–1943) in pure mathematics in the late 19th century, as well as some work in the early 20th century. By 1937, many examples of non-Desarguesian planes had been discovered changing our perspective on the foundations of geometry. An important change occurred in 1938, when Raj Chandra Bose (1901–1987) gave finite planes a new application in agriculture. In doing so, Bose independently repeated many results that E. Moore had published back in 1896 in Tactical Memoranda. The next step in increasing interest in finite planes was the creation of error-correcting codes. A new field of applied mathematics flourished. However, the applications will not be presented in detail.
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