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Inexistence of non-product Hessian rank 1 affinely homogeneous hypersurfaces $H^n \subset \mathbb{R}^{n+1}$
in dimension $n \geqslant 5$
J. Merker Institut de Mathématique d’Orsay,
CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay,
Faculté des Sciences,
91405 Orsay Cedex, France
Аннотация:
Equivalences under the affine group
$\mathrm{Aff}(\mathbb{R}^3)$ of constant Hessian rank
$1$ surfaces
$S^2 \subset \mathbb{R}^3$,
sometimes called
parabolic, were, among other
objects, studied by
Doubrov, Komrakov, Rabinovich,
Eastwood, Ezhov, Olver, Chen, Merker, Arnaldsson, Valiquette.
In particular, homogeneous models and algebras of differential
invariants in various branches were fully understood.
Then what is about higher dimensions? We consider hypersurfaces
$H^n \subset \mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ graphed as
$\big\{ u = F(x_1, \dots, x_n)
\big\}$ whose Hessian matrix
$\big( F_{x_i x_j} \big)$,
a relative affine invariant, is similarly of constant rank
$1$.
Are there homogeneous models?
Complete explorations were done by the author on a computer in
dimensions
$n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7$. The first, expected outcome,
was a complete
classification of homogeneous models in dimensions
$n = 2, 3, 4$ (forthcoming article, case
$n = 2$ already known).
The second, unexpected outcome, was that in dimensions
$n = 5, 6, 7$,
there are no affinely homogenous models except those that are affinely equivalent to
a product of
$\mathbb{R}^m$ with a
homogeneous model in dimensions
$2, 3, 4$.
The present article establishes such a non-existence result
in every dimension
$n \geqslant 5$,
based on the production of a normal form for
$\big\{ u = F(x_1, \dots, x_n) \big\}$,
under
$\mathrm{Aff}(\mathbb{R}^{n+1})$ up to order
$\leqslant n+5$,
valid in any dimension
$n \geqslant 2$.
Ключевые слова:
Affine homogeneity, Normal forms,
tangential vector fields.
УДК:
517.958
MSC: 53A55,
53B25,
53A15,
53A04,
53A05,
58K50,
16W22,
14R20,
22E05,
35B06 Поступила в редакцию: 07.02.2022
Язык публикации: английский