Calibration of a 3D sensor under its orientation constraint

Three-dimensional (3D) sensors usually require a calibration procedure. In some cases, scale factor errors depend on the signs of the projections of the vector input signal onto the sensitivity axes of the sensor. To eliminate the ambiguity of scale factor errors, the angular positions of the sensor can be restricted so that the corresponding projections have a definite sign. This paper presents an analytical solution of the optimal calibration problem for a 3D sensor under a constraint on its angular positions.