Hierarchical system models and functioning mechanisms (survey)

Analysis of papers on the topic leads to a way to describe a technological model of a system made of interconnected elements and ways to organize the functioning (functioning mechanisms) that are used in design of hierarchical management systems. The approach results in a uniform point of view to be used in description of the functioning of hierarchical systems and in a convenient and meaningful classifications of papers in this field. The degree of management centralization, an important characteristic of hierarchical management systems is formalized and the papers are regarded from that point of view. A number of promising game approachers to be used in studying the functioning of hierarchical systems, developed in theory of games with nonantagonistic interests, in papers on dynamics of collective behaviour, etc.