On algebraic integers and monic polynomials of second degree
D. V. Koleda Institute of Mathematics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Abstract:
In this paper we consider the algebraic integers of second degree and reducible quadratic monic polynomials with integer coefficients.
Let
$Q\ge 4$ be an integer.
Define
$\Omega_n(Q,S)$ to be the number of algebraic integers of degree
$n$ and height
$\le Q$ belonging to
$S\subseteq\mathbb{R}$.
We improve the remainder term of the asymptotic formula for
$\Omega_2(Q,I)$, where
$I$ is an arbitrary interval.
Denote by
$\mathcal{R}(Q)$ the set of reducible monic polynomials of second degree with integer coefficients and height
$\le Q$.
We obtain the formula
$$
\#\mathcal{R}(Q) = 2 \sum_{k=1}^Q \tau(k) + 2Q + \left[\sqrt{Q}\right] - 1,
$$
where
$\tau(k)$ is the number of divisors of
$k$.
Besides we show that the number of real algebraic integers of second degree and height
$\le Q$ has the asymptotics
$$
\Omega_2(Q,\mathbb{R}) = 8 Q^2 - \frac{16}{3}Q\sqrt{Q} - 4Q\ln Q + 8(1-\gamma) Q + O\!\left(\sqrt{Q}\right),
$$
where
$\gamma$ is the Euler constant.
It is known that the density function of the distribution of algebraic integers of degree
$n$ uniformly tends to the density function of algebraic numbers of degree
$n-1$. We show that for
$n=2$ the integral of their difference over the real line has nonzero limit as height of numbers tends to infinity.
Bibliography: 17 titles.
Keywords:
algebraic integers, distribution of algebraic integers, quadratic irrationalities, integral monic polynomials.
UDC:
511.35, 511.48, 511.75
Received: 18.12.2015
Accepted: 11.03.2016