A generalized limit theorem for the periodic Hurwitz zeta-function
A. Rimkevičienė Šiauliai State College, Lithuania
Abstract:
Probabilistic methods are used in the theory of zeta-functions since Bohr and Jessen time (1910–1935). In 1930, they proved the first theorem for the Riemann zeta-function
$\zeta(s)$,
$s=\sigma+it$, which is a prototype of modern limit theorems characterizing the behavior of
$\zeta(s)$ by weakly convergent probability measures. More precisely, they obtained that, for
$\sigma>1$, there exists the limit
$$
\lim_{T\to\infty} \frac{1}{T} \mathrm{J} \left\{t\in[0,T]: \log\zeta(\sigma+it)\in R\right\},
$$
where
$R$ is a rectangle on the complex plane with edges parallel to the axes, and
$\mathrm{J}A$ denotes the Jordan measure of a set
$A\subset \mathbb{R}$. Two years latter, they extended the above result to the half-plane
$\sigma>\frac{1}{2}$.
Ideas of Bohr and Jessen were developed by Wintner, Borchsenius, Jessen, Selberg and other famous mathematicians. Modern versions of the Bohr-Jessen theorems, for a wide class of zeta-functions, were obtained in the works of K. Matsumoto.
The theory of Bohr and Jessen is applicable, in general, for zeta-functions having Euler's product over primes. In the present paper, a limit theorem for a zeta-function without Euler's product is proved. This zeta-function is a generalization of the classical Hurwitz zeta-function. Let
$\alpha$,
$0<\alpha \leqslant 1$, be a fixed parameter, and $\mathfrak{a}=\{a_m: m\in \mathbb{N}_0= \mathbb{N}\cup\{0\}\}$ be a periodic sequence of complex numbers. The periodic Hurwitz zeta-function
$\zeta(s,\alpha; \mathfrak{a})$ is defined, for
$\sigma>1$, by the Dirichlet series
$$
\zeta(s,\alpha; \mathfrak{a})=\sum_{m=0}^\infty \frac{a_m}{(m+\alpha)^s},
$$
and is meromorphically continued to the whole complex plane. Let
$\mathcal{B}(\mathbb{C})$ denote the Borel
$\sigma$-field of the set of complex numbers,
$\mathrm{meas}A$ be the Lebesgue measure of a measurable set
$A\subset \mathbb{R}$, and let the function
$\varphi(t)$ for
$t\geqslant T_0$ have the monotone positive derivative
$\varphi'(t)$ such that
$(\varphi'(t))^{-1}=o(t)$ and $\varphi(2t) \max_{t\leqslant u\leqslant 2t} (\varphi'(u))^{-1}\ll t$. Then it is obtained in the paper that, for
$\sigma>\frac{1}{2}$,
$$
\frac{1}{T} \mathrm{meas}\left\{t\in[0,T]: \zeta(\sigma+i\varphi(t), \alpha; \mathfrak{a})\in A\right\},\quad A\in \mathcal{B}(\mathbb{C}),
$$
converges weakly to a certain explicitly given probability measure on
$(\mathbb{C}, \mathcal{B}(\mathbb{C}))$ as
$T\to\infty$.
Keywords:
Haar measure, Hurwitz zeta-function, limit theorem, periodic Hurwitz zeta-function, weak convergence.
UDC:
511.3
Received: 05.12.2018
Accepted: 10.04.2019
Language: English
DOI:
10.22405/2226-8383-2018-20-1-261-271