Mathematics
On the spectrum of Landau Hamiltonian perturbed by periodic electric potential from Sobolev space $H^s_{\rm loc}(\mathbb R^2;\mathbb R),$ $s>0$
L. I. Danilov Udmurt Federal Research Center of Ural Branch of the RAS, Izhevsk, Russia
Abstract:
We consider the Landau Hamiltonian
$\widehat H_B+V$ on
$L^2({\mathbb R}^2)$ perturbed by a periodic electric potential
$V$. A homogeneous magnetic field
$B>0$ is supposed to have the rational magnetic flux
$\eta =(2\pi )^{-1}Bv(K)\in {\mathbb Q}$, where
$v(K)$ denotes the area of an elementary cell
$K$ of the period lattice
$\Lambda $ of the potential
$V$. We determine the sets of Banach spaces ${\mathcal L}^n_{\Lambda }({\mathbb R}^2;{\mathbb R})$, which (considered as linear spaces) are linear subspaces of Sobolev spaces
$H^n_{\Lambda }({\mathbb R}^2;{\mathbb R})$,
$n\in {\mathbb N} \cup \{ 0\} $, of
$\Lambda $-periodic functions from
$H^n_{\mathrm {loc}}({\mathbb R}^2;{\mathbb R})$, and contain dense
$G_{\delta }$-sets ${\mathcal O}\subseteq {\mathcal L}^n_{\Lambda }({\mathbb R}^2;{\mathbb R})$ such that for every electric potential
$V\in {\mathcal O}$ and every homogeneous magnetic field with the flux
$0<\eta \in {\mathbb Q}$ the spectrum of the operator
$\widehat H_B+V$ is absolutely continuous. In particular, the spaces ${\mathcal L}^n_{\Lambda }({\mathbb R}^2;{\mathbb R})=H^s_{\Lambda }({\mathbb R}^2;{\mathbb R})$,
$s\in [n,n+1)$ can be chosen. For a given period lattice
$\Lambda \subset {\mathbb R}^2$ and for a homogeneous magnetic field
$B>0$ we also derive some conditions for Fourier coefficients of electric potentials
$V\in H^n_{\Lambda }({\mathbb R}^2;{\mathbb R})$,
$n\in {\mathbb N} \cup \{ 0\} $, under which in the case of the rational magnetic flux
$\eta $ the spectrum of the operator
$\widehat H_B+V$ is absolutely continuous.
Keywords:
Landau Hamiltonian, periodic electric potential, homogeneous magnetic field, spectrum.
UDC:
517.958+
517.984.5 Received: 29.11.2023
Revised: 22.12.2024
DOI:
10.47475/2500-0101-2025-10-1-37-52