Asymptotically free action of permutation groups on subsets and multisets
S. Yu. Sadov M. V. Keldysh Institute for Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences
Abstract:
Let
$G$ be a permutation group acting on a finite set
$\Omega$ of cardinality
$n$. The number of orbits of the induced action of
$G$ on the set
$\Omega_m$ of all
$m$-element subsets of
$\Omega$ obeys the trivial estimates
$|\Omega_m|/|G|\leq |\Omega_m/G|\leq |\Omega_m|$. In this paper the upper estimate is improved in terms of the minimal degree of the group
$G$ or the minimal degree of its subset with small complement. In particular, using the universal estimates obtained by Bochert for the minimal degree of a group and by Babai–Pyber for the order of a group, in terms of
$n$ only we demonstrate that if
$G$ is a 2-transitive group other than the full symmetric or the alternating groups,
$m$ and
$n$ are large enough, and the ratio
$m/n$ is bounded away from
$0$ and
$1$, then
$|\Omega_m/G|\approx |\Omega_m|/|G|$. Similar results hold true for the induced action of
$G$ on the set
$\Omega_{(m)}$ of all
$m$-element multisets with elements drawn from
$\Omega$, provided that the ratio
$m/(m+n)$ is uniformly bounded away from
$0$ and
$1$.
Keywords:
permutation group, regular orbits, average size of the stabilizer, minimal degree of a group, asymptotics of the number of orbits, enumeration of affine configurations, enumeration of graphs, asymptotically free action.
UDC:
512.242.74
Received: 11.12.2013
DOI:
10.4213/dm1294