Electronic structure of alkali metal atoms

The main goal of this paper is to consider the problem of the electronic structure of atoms of the 1st group of the periodic table. Atoms represent the system of nested shells-quasi-spheres, like a Russian Matryoshka. The analysis and justification are given on the formation mechanisms of electron shells of atoms. The conceptual basis of the theory of the electronic structure of atoms is a dipole-shell model. A refined hydrogen-like model of the electronic structure was proposed for the outer shell of alkali metal atoms. The internal electron shells of atoms represent regular geometric figures of different symmetry, including mirror symmetric, trigonal, tetrahedral, hexahedral, etc. Under the solution of the Kepler problem, the equations of motion of electrons on the corresponding shells are given. Formulas for description and calculation of the basic parameters of atoms are obtained. The effective radii of the atoms of the 1st group are determined. Their behavior in the group is considered as well. One of the characteristic features is that the radii obtained are approximately twice smaller in size compared to data from the literature; The explanation to this difference is also given in the paper. The basic parameters of a number of inner shells of atoms - screening constants, eccentricities and large semi-axes of elliptical orbits are also determined.