Multifunctional diffractometer SPHERE

A multifunctional diffractometer SPHERE has been developed. The diffractometer is based on highly efficient neutron detectors based on ZnS(Ag):6LiF scintillator and silicon photomultiplier tubes. Detectors are located on 7 rings, the total number of detectors is 156 pcs. By moving the rings along the incident neutron beam, neutrons are captured in the range of angles from 6° to 174° relative to the incident beam. Also, due to the location of the detectors on the ring relative to the sample it is possible to study with the use of various devices: cryostats, cryomagnets, high pressure chambers and to detect the texture of the sample. If texture detection is not required, it is possible to summarize spectra from detectors located on one ring, which in turn reduces the time of the experiment. Due to the possibility of changing the sample-detector distance, it becomes possible to vary the resolution. Modelling of diffractometer parameters for estimation of diffractometer resolution is carried out. A universal electronics has been developed, which allows to carry out measurements on both time-of-flight and monochromatic neutron beams. The design of the diffractometer lets to use it as a universal powder diffractometer with the function of texture determination and the possibility to vary the resolution, as well as to provide neutron registration in a wide range of angles. A patent was obtained for the developed configuration of the diffractometer.