The first Nobel Prize (to the 60th anniversary of the awarding of the Nobel Prize to academician N. N. Semenov)

The article is dedicated to the 60th anniversary of obtaining the Nobel Prize in Chemistry by greatest Russian scientist Nikolai N. Semenov. The stages of life's journey of N. N. Semenov to the highest international scientific distinctions and the characteristics of his personality are early fascination with science, brilliant successes, a rare insight in the formulation of topical scientific problems, wonderful, "Nobel" experiment, initially disputed by a qualified reviewer, deep theoretical understanding of experimental studies, the discovery of a new mechanism for ignition and explosion, including an atom explosion, creation of a scientific basis for a new branch of science – chemical physics, advocating the new theory, and personal dignity. We also tell about the Nobel festivities in Stockholm in 1956.