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JOURNALS // Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Matematika // Archive

Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Mat., 2023 Number 7, Pages 42–51 (Mi ivm9897)

This article is cited in 1 paper

Solution of three systems of functional equations related to complex, double and dual numbers

V. A. Kyrov, G. G. Mikhailichenko

Gorny-Altaisk State University, 1 Lenkin str., Gorno-Altaisk, 649000 Russia

Abstract: The article solves three special systems of functional equations arising in the problem of embedding of two-metric phenomenologically symmetric geometries of two sets of rank (3,2) associated with complex, double and dual numbers into a two-metric phenomenologically symmetric geometry of two sets of rank (4,2), which is affine group of transformations on the plane. We are looking for non-degenerate solutions of these systems, which in general are very difficult to find. The problem of determining the set of solutions to these systems, associated with a finite number of Jordan forms of second-order matrices, turned out to be much simpler and more meaningful in the mathematical sense. The solutions obtained have a direct connection with complex, double and dual numbers.

Keywords: geometry of two sets, functional equation, Jordan form of matrices, complex, double and dual numbers.

UDC: 517.912:\,514

Received: 02.12.2021
Revised: 21.03.2023
Accepted: 29.05.2023

DOI: 10.26907/0021-3446-2023-7-42-51



© Steklov Math. Inst. of RAS, 2025