Project development of a mobile robot to change accumulator batteries

In the context of the development of robotics, issues related to the maintenance of these robots are becoming increasingly relevant. Since the mass nature of their use will require the presence of a large service staff, at the same time minimizing the participation of a person. It is known that various types of robotic devices are powered by accumulator batteries (AB). Despite certain scientific achievements in the direction of increasing the battery life, the specific energy intensity of modern power supplies, which a large number of robotic devices are equipped with, is not high enough. This circumstance leads, in particular for agricultural and, in principle, other industrial robots, to a decrease in the productivity of equipment due to the necessary loss of time to charge their power supplies, and leads to an increase in the number of employees of the organization involved in replacing and charging the battery of existing robots. The use of a mobile robot to replace the battery of stationary and mobile robots involved in agricultural production in such jobs as: spraying plants, harvesting, sowing, etc. makes it possible to increase the productivity of machines by reducing downtime and minimizing human participation in the technological process. The purpose of the research is to determine the main design parameters of a mobile robot to replace the battery of stationary and mobile robots. The research was carried out in 2023 on the basis of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «Federal Scientific Center «Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences». When designing and developing the main components of a mobile robot to replace the battery, existing methods of calculation and design of executive, transmission, balancing, guiding and working bodies were used; methods of calculation and design of mobility degree modules, working bodies and executive mechanisms, as well as Compas 3D V19 software. Taking into account the overall dimensions and weight of the used Golden Motor battery, the dimensions of the manipulator were determined and its drives were calculated.