Heat transfer and flow analysis of magnetohydrodynamic dissipative Carreau nanofluid over a stretching sheet with internal heat generation

The unsteady two-dimensional flow and heat transfer analysis of Carreau nanofluid over a stretching sheet subjected to magnetic field, temperature dependent heat source/sink and viscous dissipation is presented in this paper. Similarity transformations are used to reduce the systems of the developed governing partial differential equations to nonlinear third and second orders ordinary differential equation which are solved using differential transform method. Using kerosene as the base fluid embedded with the silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) nanoparticles, the effects of pertinent parameters on reduced Nusselt number, flow and heat transfer characteristics of the nanofluid are investigated and discussed. From the results, it is established temperature field and the thermal boundary layers of Ag-Kerosene nanofluid are highly effective when compared with the Cu-Kerosene nanofluid. Heat transfer rate is enhanced by increasing in power-law index and unsteadiness parameter. Skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number can be reduced by magnetic field parameter and they can be enhanced by increasing the aligned angle. Friction factor is depreciated and the rate of heat transfer increases by increasing the Weissenberg number. Also, for the purpose of verification, the results of the analytical of the approximate analytical solutions are compared with the results of numerical solution using Runge-Kutta coupled with Newton method. A very good agreement is established between the results. This analysis can help in expanding the understanding of the thermo-fluidic behaviour of the Carreau nanofluid over a stretching sheet.