Mechanism of the accumulation of charged particles in a Penning–Malmberg–Surko trap with a rotating electric field

The effect of a rotating electric field on the electrons and positrons accumulated in a Penning–Malmberg–Surko trap (increase in the lifetime of the particles and the efficiency of their accumulation, reduction of the transverse dimensions of the bunch of accumulated particles) is studied. New results of the basic character related to the resonance effect of a rotating field on the accumulation of particles at low intensities are obtained. The transition region to the high intensity bunches of accumulated particles is studied. A mechanism explaining the experimental results based on three-dimensional particle dynamics in the trap is proposed.