An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of zinc stannate layer formation

The formation of zinc stannate nanostructures, which are of interest for sensorics, solar power, and transparent conductive electronics, has been considered. The structures have been synthesized by the hydrothermal method, with zinc oxide nanorods used as references in the case of synthesis time variation, and studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. This method has been shown to be effective for analyzing zinc stannate formation.