Abstract:
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2014 was awarded to John O'Keefe, May-Britt Moser, and Edward Moser for their discoveries of place cells and grid cells which represent important components of the neuronal orientation system of mammals. This paper reviews the main results of the discoveries and describes the main features of place cells and grid cells. We also present some examples of mathematical models of orientation based on the experimental facts obtained by Nobel Prize laureates.