Optimization of tree planting scheme for timber production in artificial forest plantations

This paper presents the results of modeling the optimal mutual arrangement of trees and the initial density of the stand to obtain the maximum timber reserve. It is shown that the optimal planting scheme for obtaining the maximum timber reserve is a hexagonal (triangular) scheme, which corresponds to an equidistant arrangement of trees relative to each other. With such a planting scheme, the least tension of competitive relations is observed, which ensures the largest timber reserve of a given quality. The greater the deviation from the state of equidistance of trees, the smaller the maximum timber reserve. It is also shown that from a practical point of view, the most appropriate is a square scheme, which is easy to use and provides a timber yield comparable to the estimated potential of the site. The results of computational experiments showed that for a spruce stand, the optimal planting density with a checkerboard (square) planting scheme is 740 pcs/ha. The stock of timber of technical maturity is 635 m$^3$/ha.