M. P. Sokolova, E. Yu. Rosova, Z. F. Zoolshoev, A. Yu. Vakulyuk, I. V. Gofman, M. A. Smirnov, “3D printing with heat-curing hydrogels based on chitosan and β-glycerophosphate”, Mendeleev Commun., 2026, Volume 36, Issue 3,Pages <nobr>311

Communications

3D printing with heat-curing hydrogels based on chitosan and β-glycerophosphate

M. P. Sokolova^a, E. Yu. Rosova^a, Z. F. Zoolshoev^a, A. Yu. Vakulyuk^a, I. V. Gofman^a, M. A. Smirnov^ab

^a Branch of Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B. P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
^b Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Abstract: The 3D printing with curing via post extrusion heating for inks based on a chitosan/β-glycerophosphate/NaHCO₃ (CS/GP/NaHCO₃) mixture was demonstrated. The effect of molecular weight, deacetylation degree of chitosan, and solution concentration on the gelation process was investigated: the composition containing 2% of CS (molecular weight 900 kDa and deacetylation degree of 68%) and 0.1 m acetic acid mixed with GP in 0.4 m NaHCO₃ demonstrated optimal rheological characteristics for direct ink writing. Mechanical properties of printed gels were in line with physically crosslinked 3D printed CS based ones reported in literature and higher than for 3D printed CS/GP systems.

Keywords: 3D printing, rheology, hydrogel, chitosan, mechanical properties.

Received: 05.11.2025
Accepted: 13.01.2026

Language: English

DOI: 10.71267/mencom.7962

	*Supplementary materials:*
		Supplementary_data_1.pdf	622.1 Kb