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JOURNALS // Moscow Mathematical Journal // Archive

Mosc. Math. J., 2020 Volume 20, Number 2, Pages 323–341 (Mi mmj767)

This article is cited in 4 papers

Bifurcations of the polycycle “tears of the heart”: multiple numerical invariants

Nataliya Goncharuk, Yury Kudryashov

Cornell University, Department of Mathematics, 310 Malott Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853-4201 USA

Abstract: «Tears of the heart» is a hyperbolic polycycle formed by three separatrix connections of two saddles. It is met in generic 3-parameter families of planar vector fields.
In a recent article by Yu. Ilyashenko, Yu. Kudryashov, and I. Schurov, it was discovered that generically, the bifurcation of a vector field with «tears of the heart» is structurally unstable. The authors proved that the classification of such bifurcations has a numerical invariant.
In this article, we study the bifurcations of «tears of the heart» in more detail, and find out that the classification of such bifurcation may have arbitrarily many numerical invariants.

Key words and phrases: planar vector fields, structural stability, polycycles, bifurcations.

MSC: 34C23, 37G99, 37E35

Language: English

DOI: 10.17323/1609-4514-2020-20-2-323-341



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© Steklov Math. Inst. of RAS, 2025