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Mat. Tr., 2025 Volume 28, Number 1, Pages 94–112 (Mi mt727)

The structure of the characteristic polynomial of Laplace matrix for circulant graphs with non-fixed jumps

A. D. Mednykhab, I. A. Mednykhab, G. K. Sokolovaab

a Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
b Sobolev Institute of Mathematics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia

Abstract: The main objects of the present paper are circulant graphs with non-fixed jumps. The paper describes the structure of characteristic polynomial $\chi_{\mathscr L}(\mu)$ of Laplace matrix of such a graphs. It is shown that characteristic polynomial can be presented as a product of algebraic functions, each of them is expressed through the roots of linear combination of Chebyshrev polynomials of the first kind. Also, it is proved that $\chi_{\mathscr L}(\mu)$ is always a square of an integer polynomial multiplied by some prescribed integer polynomial. As an example of application, the formula for the number of rooted spanning forests in such a graphs is given.

Key words: circulant graph, rooted spanning forest, characteristic polynomial, Laplace matrix.

UDC: 517.535+519.177

Received: 14.01.2025
Revised: 24.01.2025
Accepted: 29.01.2025

DOI: 10.25205/1560-750X-2025-28-1-94-112



© Steklov Math. Inst. of RAS, 2025