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JOURNALS // Matematicheskie Voprosy Kriptografii [Mathematical Aspects of Cryptography] // Archive

Mat. Vopr. Kriptogr., 2025 Volume 16, Issue 3, Pages 9–26 (Mi mvk499)

Repetitions of chains in urn schemes with and without replacement for urns with balls of several types

A. M. Zubkov, V. I. Kruglov

Steklov Mathematical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Abstract: We consider the distributions of repetition numbers of chains of a given length in sequences obtained by an urn scheme without replacement for an urn containing balls of several colors. The proofs are based on analogies between the urn schemes without replacement and with replacement. The problems of chain repetitions in urn schemes with replacement have been studied by various authors over the past 50 years, but similar problems for urn schemes without replacement have not been investigated. Exact formulas and two-sided inequalities for the probabilities of chain repetitions and mathematical expectations of the numbers of repetitions are obtained.

Key words: urn scheme, $s$-chains, repetitions of chains.

UDC: 519.213

Received 21.V.2025

DOI: 10.4213/mvk499



© Steklov Math. Inst. of RAS, 2026