Dynamic modes of the Ricker model with periodic Malthusian parameter

The paper studies dynamic modes of the Ricker model with the periodic Malthusian parameter. The equation parametric space is shown to have multistability areas in which different dynamic modes are possible depending on the initial conditions. In particular, the model trajectory can asymptotically tend either to a stable cycle or to a chaotic attractor. Oscillation synchronization of the 2-cycles and the Malthusian parameter of the model are studied. Fluctuations in population size and environmental factors can be either synchronous or asynchronous. The structural features of attraction basins in phase space are investigated for possible stable dynamic modes.