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JOURNALS // Program Systems: Theory and Applications // Archive

Program Systems: Theory and Applications, 2025 Volume 16, Issue 4, Pages 119–154 (Mi ps478)

Artificial Intelligence, Intelligent Systems, Neural Networks

Applied models and problems of syllogistics

Yu. M. Smetanin

Udmurt State University, Izhevsk, Russia

Abstract: Problems of the formation of conceptual (cognitive) thinking are closely related to applications of logic. However, they are no less closely related to philosophy. In applications, it is important not only formally, but also meaningfully to understand what is “TRUE “ and “ FALSE” and why the logical model of causal relationships may be inadequate to reality.
It is shown that Aristotelian type syllogistics (Vasiliev N.A., Venn, Kerrol), the Bul logic algebra, can be built on a general ontological basis— Algebraic system, including the Boolean algebra of sets and volumetric relations between model sets.
In syllogistics, non-paradoxical logical following is defined.
The area of formula intepretation is discrete Venn diagrams (DDV). Universum and model sets are given as finite sets of non-negative integers.
Establishing that the logical content of the premise includes the logical content of the conclusion for any formulas boils down to verifying the inclusion of sets that are semantic meanings of the premise and conclusion. This indicates the presence of the solvability property of syllogistics. The formula can be single-sense (OS) or multi-sense (MS). The DDV family is the semantic value of the MS formula. OS Formula has one DDV as its semantic meaning. All formulas are divided into laws, doables, and contradictions.
Substantial examples confirming theoretical provisions are considered. The proposed syllogistics was tested to solve problems with a maximum number of model sets of 22. When creating software based on parallelizing the process of calculating the semantic value of a formula, you can solve problems with a significantly larger number of model sets.(

Key words and phrases: applied syllogistics, discrete Venn diagrams, logical semantic models.

UDC: 004.421.2 + 004.891.2 + 510.649
BBK: 22.123

MSC: Primary 97P99; Secondary 97U99

Received: 04.09.2025
Accepted: 21.09.2025

DOI: 10.25209/2079-3316-2025-16-4-119-154



© Steklov Math. Inst. of RAS, 2025