From non-classical to post-non-classical science: an example of industrial operators' computer-based training systems

A review of constructing and using of industrial operators' simulators in the framework of the periodization of scientific rationality from classical and non-classical to post-non-classical phase is given. The key post-non-classical characteristics of modern simulators are presented: self-development, interdisciplinarity, anthropocentric factor, orientation to practice. Special attention is paid to the simulation technique as a fundamentally new way to determine the response of a big technical system to user's arbitrary interventions, as well as to immersive tools for reproducing the trainees working environment. The post-non-classical role of the instructor was studied, combining the functions of a training organizer, a development agent, who initiates the reconfiguring of simulator's components and improving teaching methods, as well as a key link in the best professionals' knowledge capitalization. The fundamental changes in the simulator project organization and implementation are shown, covering now not only research and development, but also the maintenance and improvement of simulator systems. The transfer of skills acquired in the training and modern approaches to the automated assessment of the operators' work on the simulator are considered. The basic trends in the simulator constructing are analyzed: a change in the motives of training (the prevalence of workers' professional growth and self-realization), a generational shift against a revolutionary renewal of the means of labor (virtual and mixed reality, advisors based on artificial intelligence), the development and assessment of employees' professional competencies. Given the high synthetics of training technologies, the presentation is based on a wide conceptual context, including scientific, technical, cognitive-psychological, pedagogical, socio-economic and literary phenomena.