Influence of gain saturation on the frequency pulling of the stimulated emission from linear ring He–Ne lasers

An investigation was made of the dependences of the intermodal beat frequency of a linear laser and of the difference frequency of a ring laser on the gain of the active medium and the losses in the resonator. These dependences made it possible to determine the reduction in the frequency pulling with increasing output power, relative to the total pulling. A determination of this reduction made it possible to compare the results of experiments carried out under different conditions. A comparison was made of the experimental results with the calculations.