Nanoporous titania films produced by pulsed interference lithography

We describe a simple, inexpensive technique for producing deep nanopores on the surface of titania films using laser exposure in a four-beam interference configuration. In addition to producing nanopores, laser pulses convert amorphous titania films to a polycrystalline state. The effect of laser exposure on the TiO₂ surface can be used to improve its biophotocatalytic properties, optimise solar cells, etc.