Dynamic and stochastic distributed feedback in lasers (review)

Theoretical models and methods for calculating the characteristics of distributed-feedback lasers for the optical range are examined. An asymptotically exact method for introducing an effective Q is described. This method reduces the description of the generation of a distribution-feedback laser to simple balance equations for a system with lumped parameters. The generation regimes of lasers with a light-induced stochastic distributed feedback are examined. The possibility of an optical bistability, the generation of ultrashort pulses, and a fluctuation mechanism for a lowering of the threshold are studied. Explicit expressions convenient for practical calculations of parameters in the generation of ultrashort pulses are derived. Experimental results are reviewed. The distinctive features and advantages of distributed-feedback lasers as sources of ultrashort light pulses are analyzed.