Selective effect of laser radiation on cancer cells and laser spectroscopy of the cell (review)

A review is presented of the literature on the selective effect of optical radiation on cancer cells sensitized with porphyrin dyes. Particular attention is paid to an explanation of the fundamental principles of photodynamic cancer therapy and the physical mechanisms of the accompanying processes. The results are presented of the first applications of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of oncological diseases and the laser requirements are formulated. The use of fluorescence spectroscopy for cancer diagnostics is considered. Modern laser spectroscopic techniques used to study individual cells and cell cultures are discussed: laser picosecond fluorescence microscopy and Raman light scattering spectroscopy.