Intermediates and mechanisms of the heterogeneous catalytic reactions. The simplest reactions of hydrocarbons, alcohols, and acids

The structures of the intermediate surface compounds in heterogeneous-catalytic reactions of hydrocarbons, alcohols, and acids, established by spectroscopic (mainly IR spectroscopic) measurements, are examined. The evidence obtained concerning the role of particular structures in catalysis is differentiated: from spectroscopic data obtained before or after catalysis; from spectroscopic data obtained in situ but without kinetic measurements; from spectroscopic data obtained in situ by comparing the kinetics of the heterogeneous-catalytic reactions with the kinetics of the changes in the concentrations of the surface compounds. The mechanisms of heterogeneous catalytic reactions obtained on the basis of the available information about the surface complexes are presented. The bibliography includes 89 references.