Repair of 8-oxoguanine in DNA. The mechanisms of enzymatic catalysis

Data on the key enzymes involved in repair of 8-oxoguanine, one of the most abundant and mutagenic forms of oxidative in DNA damage, are summarised. The published data on the substrate specificity, active site structures and structural functional features of prokaryotic and eukaryotic 8-oxoguanine DNA N-glycosylases, adenine DNA N-glycosylases and 8-oxoguanosine triphosphatases are surveyed. Particular attention is given to chemical aspects of the mechanisms of the catalytic activity of these enzymes including stereochemistry of the catalytic processes.