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Lattices, representations, and algebras connected with them. I
I. M. Gel'fand,
V. A. Ponomarev
Abstract:
In this article the authors have attempted to follow the style which one of them learned from P. S. Aleksandrov in other problems (the descriptive theory of functions and topology).
Let
$L$ be a modular lattice. By a representation of
$L$ in
$A$-module
$M$, where
$A$ is a ring, we mean a morphism from
$L$ into the lattice
$\mathscr L(A,M)$ of submodules of
$M$. In this article we study representations of finitely generated free modular lattices
$D^r$. We are principally interested in representations in the lattice
$\mathscr L(K,V)$ of linear subspaces of a space
$V$ over a field
$K$ (
$V=K^n$).
An element
$a$ in a modular lattice
$L$ is called perfect if
$a$ is sent either to
$O$ or to
$V$ under any indecomposable representation
$\rho\colon L\to\mathscr L(K,V)$. The basic method of studying the lattice
$D^r$ is to construct in it two sublattices
$B^+$ and
$B^-$, each of which consists of perfect elements.
Certain indecomposable representations
$\rho^+_{t,l }$(respectively,
$\rho^-_{t,l})$) are connected with the sublattices
$B^+$ (respectively,
$B^-$). Almost all these representations (except finitely many of small dimension) possess the important property of complete irreducibility. A representation
$\rho\colon L\to\mathscr L(K,V)$ is called completely irreducible if the lattice
$\rho(L)$ is isomorphic to the lattice of linear subspaces of a projective space over the field
$\mathbf Q$ of rational numbers of dimension
$n-1$, where
$n=\dim_KV$. In this paper we construct a certain special
$K$-algebra
$A^r$ and study the representations
$\rho_A\colon D^r\to\mathscr L_R(A^r)$ of
$D^r$ into the lattice of right ideals of
$A^r$. We conjecture that the lattice of right homogeneous ideals of the
$\mathbf Q$-algebra
$A^r$ describes (up to the relation of linear equivalence) the essential part of
$D^r$.
UDC:
519.4
MSC: 16G30,
06C05,
14N20,
16D25 Received: 09.04.1976