On the global error control in nested implicit Runge–Kutta methods of Gauss type

The automatic global error control based on a combined step size and order control presented by Kulikov and Khrustaleva in 2008 is investigated. A special attention is given to the efficiency of computation because the implicit extrapolation based on the multi-stage implicit Runge–Kutta schemes might be expensive. Especially, we discuss the technique of global error estimation and control in order to compute the numerical solution satisfying the user-supplied accuracy conditions (in exact arithmetic) in the automatic mode. The theoretical results of this paper are confirmed by numerical experiments on test problems.