Abstract:
The presence in the universe of a nonvanishing electric charge is incompatible with the
universe's being closedo In the present paper it is shown that there can exist closed universes
with nonvanishing charge of a massive vector field. The analog of Gauss's electrodynamic
theorem is discussed in the theory of a massive vector field. Systems with
a closed metric are considered as limiting cases of “black holes” described by a halfclosed
metric.