Generalized Foldy–Wouthuysen transformation and pseudodifferential operators

We show that the Foldy–Wouthuysen transformation and its generalizations are simplified if the methods of pseudodifferential operators are used, which also allow estimating the exactness of the transition from the Dirac equation to the reduced equations for electrons and positrons. The methods and techniques used can be useful not only in studying asymptotic solutions of the Dirac equation but also in other problems.