The effect of intensifiers of heat transfer on the thermohydraulic properties of channels

The high energy-saving capacity of channels with transverse projections and the economic expediency of their extensive uses in industrial heat exchangers are confirmed. Models and methods of thermohydraulic calculation of discretely rough channels are analyzed. The problem of the effect of spacing between projections on the drag and heat-transfer coefficients of the channels is discussed in detail. The consequences of this effect are considered, such as the bistable mode of flow, self-induced oscillation, and resonance in the flow. Technical recommendations are given for design engineers. Problems for further investigations are formulated.