The optimal control by heat flux in solidifying metal in a multiphase state for the purpose of improving the characteristics of the solid phase

This paper deals with the problem of optimal cooling of a multiphase, continuously cast vertical cylindrical metal ingot in order to improve the characteristics of the solid phase. For the purpose of determining the optimal values of heat removal, a direct extreme approach is applied based on calculating the gradient of the ingot quality criterion. The criterion includes the effect of thermal stresses and of the degree of dispersity of dendritic structure on the quality of the cooling ingot.