The Raman effect in femto- and attosecond physics

The interaction of ultrashort light pulses with matter is accompanied by a variety of new phenomena involving Raman scattering due to rotational and vibrational modes of molecules, electronic states of atoms and ions, as well as phonons in solids. These effects offer unique opportunities for an all-optical detection of ultrafast processes on the femto- and attosecond time scales, efficient spectral and temporal transformation of ultrashort field waveforms, as well as highly sensitive microscopy of physical, chemical, and biological objects.