Fluctuation-electromagnetic interaction under dynamic and thermal nonequilibrium conditions

We systematically summarize theoretical developments related to the relativistic and nonrelativistic fluctuation-electromagnetic interaction of bodies of different temperatures moving translationally and (or) rotationally relative to one another. The small-particle–plate and small-particle–vacuum background configurations are considered as the basic ones. A method is presented for calculating the basic characteristics of this interaction: the conservative–dissipative forces and torques, the heating (cooling) rates, and the intensities of thermal and nonthermal radiation fluxes that arise under ‘Cherenkov friction’ conditions. Experimental results and possible applications are discussed.