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JOURNALS // Vladikavkazskii Matematicheskii Zhurnal // Archive

Vladikavkaz. Mat. Zh., 2017 Volume 19, Number 1, Pages 18–25 (Mi vmj603)

This article is cited in 1 paper

Complex powers of a differential operator related to the Schrödinger operator

A. V. Gila, V. A. Noginab

a Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don
b Southern Mathematical Institute of the Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladikavkaz

Abstract: We study complex powers of the generalized Schrödinger operator in $L_p({\mathbb R^{n+1}})$ with complex coefficients in the principal part
\begin{equation} S_{\bar{\lambda}}=m^2I+i b \frac{\partial}{\partial x_{n+1}}+\sum\limits_{k=1}^n (1-i\lambda_k) \frac{\partial ^2}{\partial x_k^2}\tag{1} \end{equation}
where $m>0$, $b>0$ $\bar{\lambda}=(\lambda_1,\ldots,\lambda_n)$, $\lambda_k>0$, $1\leqslant k\leqslant n$. Complex powers of the operator $S_{\bar{\lambda}}$ with negative real parts on «sufficiently nice» functions $\varphi(x)$ are defined as multiplier operators, whose action in the Fourier pre-images is reduced to multiplication by the corresponding power of the symbol of the operator under consideration:
\begin{equation} F\left((S_{\bar{\lambda}}^{-\alpha/2}\varphi\right)(\xi)= \left((m^2+b\xi_{n+1}-|\xi'|^2+i\sum\limits_{k=1}^n\lambda_k \xi_k^2\right)^{-\alpha/2}\widehat{\varphi}(\xi),\tag{2} \end{equation}
where $\xi\in{\mathbb R^{n+1}}$, $\xi'=(\xi_1,\ldots,\xi_n)$, $0<{\rm{Re}}\,\alpha<n+2$. We obtain integral representations for complex powers (2) as potential-type operators with non-standard metric. The corresponding fractional potentials have the form $H_{\bar{\lambda}}^{^\alpha} \varphi$. Complex powers $S_{\bar{\lambda}}^{-\alpha/2}\varphi$, $0<{\rm{Re}}\,\alpha<n+2$, are interpreted as distributions:
$$\langle S_{\bar{\lambda}}^{-\alpha/2}\varphi,\omega\rangle= \langle\varphi, \overline{S_{\bar{\lambda}}^{-\alpha/2}}\omega\rangle,\quad \varphi\in \Phi,$$
where $\Phi$ is the Lizorkin space of functions in $S$, whose Fourier transforms vanish on coordinate hyperplanes. Within the framework of the method of approximative inverse operators we describe the range $H_{\bar{\lambda}}^{^\alpha} (L_p)$, $1\leqslant p<\frac{n+2}{{{\rm Re\,}}\,\alpha}$. Recently a number of papers related to complex powers of second order degenerating differential operator was published (see survey papers [1–3], and also [6–11]). The case considered in our work is the most difficult, because of non-standard expressions for the potentials $H_{\bar{\lambda}}^{^\alpha} \varphi$.

Key words: differential operator, range, multiplier, complex powers, method of approximative inverse operators.

UDC: 517.983

Received: 16.05.2016



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