Scientific articles
Sharp estimate of the third coefficient for bounded non-vanishing holomorphic functions with real coefficients
D. L. Stupin Tver State University
Abstract:
Let
$\Omega_0^r$ be a class of holomorphic functions
$\omega$ in the unit disk
$\Delta,$ with real coefficients, and such that
$|\omega(z)|<1,$ $\omega(0)=0,$ $z\in\Delta.$ The coefficients problem in the class
$\Omega_0^r$ is formulated as follows: find the necessary and sufficient conditions to be imposed on the real numbers
$\{\omega\}_1, \{\omega\}_2,\ldots$ in order for the series
$\{\omega\}_1 z+\{\omega\}_2 z^2+\ldots$ to be the Taylor series of a function in the class
$\Omega_0^r.$
The class
$B^r$ consists of holomorphic functions
$f$ in
$\Delta$ with real coefficients and such that
$0<|f(z)|\leq 1,$ $z\in\Delta.$ The classes
$B_t^r,$ $t\geq 0,$ are defined as the sets of functions
$f\in B^r$ such that
$f(0)=e^{-t}.$ The problem of obtaining a sharp estimation of
$|\{f\}_n|,$ $n\in\mathbb N,$ on the class
$B^r$ or
$B_t^r$ is commonly referred to as the Krzyz problem (for the class
$B^r$ or
$B_t^r$). It is clear that the union of all classes
$B_t^r$ exhausts the class
$B^r$ up to rotations in the plane of variable
$w$ (
$w=f(z)$).
Based on the solution of the coefficients problem for the class
$\Omega_0^r,$ the problem of obtaining a sharp estimation of the functional
$|\{f\}_3|$ on the classes
$B_t^r$ for every
$t\geq 0$ is solved by transitioning to the functional over the class
$\Omega_0^r,$ after which the problem is reduced to finding the global constrained extremum of a function of two real variables with inequality-type constraints.
The extreme functions are found in two forms: as a convex combination of Schwartz kernels related to the Caratheodory class, and as Blaschke products related to the class
$\Omega_0^r.$
Keywords:
the Krzyz hypothesis, the Krzyz problem, bounded non-vanishing function, sharp coefficient estimate, coefficient body
UDC:
517.53,
517.54
MSC: 30C50 Received: 03.02.2025
Accepted: 13.03.2025
DOI:
10.20310/2686-9667-2025-30-149-79-92