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MATHEMATICS
On the spectrum of a periodic Schrödinger operator with potential in the Morrey space
L. I. Danilov Physical–Technical Institute, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhevsk, Russia
Abstract:
We consider the periodic Schrödinger operator
$\widehat H_A+V$ in
$\mathbb R^n$,
$n\geqslant3$. The vector potential
$A$ is supposed to satisfy some conditions which are fulfilled whenever the potential
$A$ belongs to the Sobolev class
$H^q_\mathrm{loc}(\mathbb R^n;\mathbb R^n)$,
$q>\frac{n-1}2$, and also in the case where
$\sum\|A_N\|_{\mathbb C^n}<+\infty$. Here
$A_N$ are the Fourier coefficients of the potential
$A$. We prove absolute continuity of the spectrum of the periodic Schrödinger operator
$\widehat H_A+V$ provided that the scalar potential
$V$ belongs to the Morrey space
$\mathfrak L^{2,p}(\mathbb R^n)$,
$p\in(\frac{n-1}2,\frac n2]$, and
$$
\overline{\lim_{r\to+0}}\sup_{x\in\mathbb R^n}r^2\biggl(\frac1{v(B_r)}\int_{B_r(x)}|V(y)|^p\,dy\biggr)^{1/p}\leqslant\varepsilon_0,
$$
where the number
$\varepsilon_0=\varepsilon_0(n,p;A)>0$ depends on the vector potential
$A$,
$B_r(x)$ is a closed ball of radius
$r>0$ centered at the point
$x\in\mathbb R^n$,
$v(B_r)$ is the
$n$-dimensional volume of the ball
$B_r=B_r(0)$. Let
$K$ be the fundamental domain of the period lattice (which is common for the potentials
$A$ and
$V$),
$K^*$ the fundamental domain of the reciprocal lattice. The operator
$\widehat H_A+V$ is unitarily equivalent to the direct integral of operators
$\widehat H_A(k)+V$,
$k\in2\pi K^*$, acting on the space
$L^2(K)$. The last operators are also considered for complex vectors
$k+ik'\in\mathbb C^n$. To prove absolute continuity of the spectrum of the operator
$\widehat H_A+V$, we use the Thomas method. The main ingredient in the proof is the following inequality:
\begin{gather*}
\|\,|\widehat H_0(k+ik')|^{-1/2}\bigl(\widehat H_A(k+ik')+V-\lambda\bigr)\varphi\|_{L^2(K)}\geqslant\widetilde C_1\|\,|\widehat H_0(k+ik')|^{1/2}\varphi\|_{L^2(K)},\\
\varphi\in D(\widehat H_A(k+ik')+V),
\end{gather*}
which holds for some appropriate chosen complex vectors
$k+ik'\in\mathbb C^n$ (depending on
$A,V$, and the number
$\lambda\in\mathbb R$) with sufficiently large imaginary part
$k'$, where
$\widetilde C_1=\widetilde C_1 (n;A)>0$ and
$\widehat H_0(k+ik')$ is the operator
$\widehat H_A(k+ik')$ for
$A\equiv0$.
Keywords:
Schrödinger operator, absolute continuity of the spectrum, periodic potential, Morrey space.
UDC:
517.958+
517.984.5
MSC: 35P05 Received: 23.12.2011
DOI:
10.20537/vm120304