Mathematics
Some properties of normal sections and geodesics
on cyclic recurrent submanifolds
I. I. Bodrenko Volgograd State University
Abstract:
Let
$F^{n}$ be
$n$-dimensional
$(n \geq 2)$ submanifold in
$(n+p)$-dimensional Euclidean space
$E^{n+p}$ $(p \geq 1)$. Let
$x$ be arbitrary point
$F^n$,
$T_xF^n$ be tangent space to
$F^n$
at the point
$x$. Let
$\gamma_g(x, t)$ be a geodesic on
$F^n$
passing through the point
$x\in F^n$ in the direction
$t\in T_x
F^n$. Denote by
$k_g (x, t)$ and
$\varkappa_g (x, t)$ curvature
and torsion of geodesic
$\gamma_g (x, t)\subset E^{n+p}$,
respectively, calculated for point
$x$.
Torsion
$\varkappa_g(x, t)$ of geodesic
$\gamma_g (x, t)$ is
called geodesic torsion of submanifold
$F^n\subset E^{n+p}$ at the
point
$x$ in the direction
$t$.
Let
$\gamma_N(x, t)$ be a normal section of submanifold
$F^n\subset E^{n+p}$ at the point
$x\in F^n$ in the direction
$t\in T_xF^n$. Denote by
$k_N (x, t)$ and
$\varkappa_N (x, t)$
curvature and torsion of normal section
$\gamma_N (x, t)\subset
E^{n+p}$, respectively, calculated for point
$x$.
Denote by
$b$ the second fundamental form of
$F^n$, by
$\overline\nabla$ the connection of van der Waerden — Bortolotti.
The fundamental form
$b\not=0$ is called cyclic recurrent if on
$F^n$ there exists
$1$-form
$\mu$ such that
$$
\overline\nabla_X b(Y,Z)= \mu(X)b(Y,Z) + \mu(Y)b(Z,X)+
\mu(Z)b(X,Y)
$$
for all vector fields
$X, Y, Z$ tangent to
$F^n$.
Submanifold
$F^n\subset E^{n+p}$ with cyclic recurrent the second
fundamental form
$b\ne 0$ is called cyclic recurrent submanifold.
The properties of normal sections
$\gamma_N(x, t)$ and
geodesics
$\gamma_g(x, t)$ on cyclic recurrent submanifolds
$F^n\subset E^{n+p}$ are studied in this article. The conditions
for which cyclic recurrent submanifolds
$F^n \subset E^{n+p}$
have zero geodesic torsion
$\varkappa_g(x, t)\equiv 0$ at
every point
$x\in F^n$ in every direction
$t\in T_xF^n$ are
derived in this article.
Denote by
${\mathcal R}_0$ a set of submanifolds
$F^n\subset E^{n+p}$,
on which
$$
k_g (x,t)\ne 0, \quad \varkappa_g(x,t)\equiv 0, \quad \forall x\in
F^n, \quad \forall t\in T_xF^n.
$$
The following theorem is proved in this article.
Let
$F^n$ be a cyclic recurrent submanifold in
$E^{n+p}$ with no
asymptotic directions. Then
$F^n$ belongs to the set
${\mathcal R}_0$
if and only if the following condition holds:
$$
k_N(x, t) = k(x), \quad \forall x\in F^n, \quad \forall t\in
T_xF^n.
$$
Keywords:
the second fundamental form, cyclic recurrent submanifold, geodesic torsion, normal section, normal
curvature, normal torsion, connection of van der Waerden — Bortolotti.
UDC:
514.75
BBK:
22.151