Heat treatment and ion bombardment effects on the electron structure of preliminary carbonized polyvinylidenfluoride surface

Polyvinylidenfluoride surface modification in the course of preliminary radiative carbonization and consequent thermal annealing and ion bombardment was studied using XPS technique. Radiative carbonization allows to create carbon species with interatomic hybridization mode distinct from $sp^2$ and $sp^3$. Heat treatment and ion bombardment in vacuum initiate their transformation into diamond-like and graphite-like structures accordingly.