Abstract:
The South Ural is one of the most
advanced industrial regions in Russia. It has huge industrial
potential (metal industry, mechanical engineering, chemical
process industry, oil-extracting industry, mineral resource
industry) which predetermines negative ecological trends in the
region. Levels of air pollution with salts of heavy metals, phenol
and CO$_2$ are 2–4 times higher than national air quality
standards. Moreover, natural background radiation in the region is
increased. Under the stated conditions, low levels of motor
activity lead to hypoxia and cumulative disorders of the locomotor
system as well as to respiratory, gastric, oncological, allergic
and other diseases. Poor environmental background significantly
affects demographic rates including the life expectancy which is
72 in average for the region: 60 years for men, and 75 years for
women.
\qquad The paper studies how the main anthropometric and
physiological parameters in the local residents who are divided
into three groups according to their health status and motor
activity (so called health groups) influence the physical fitness.
Social-biological and medical aspect of the study — to find out
the correlation between parameters in the examined people from
different groups — may also be of interest for specialists
working on optimization of physical education practice and
student's health promotion.