Abstract:
Let $A$ be a complex $n\times n$ matrix. We call the set of matrices $X$ such that $X^*AX=A$ the congruence centralizer of $A$. This is an analog of the classical centralizer of $A$ in the case where the group $\mathrm{GL}_n(\mathbb C)$ acts on the matrix space $M_n(\mathbb C)$ by congruence rather than similarity.
We find the congruence centralizer of the matrix
$$
\Delta_n=\left( \begin{array}{cccc}
&&&1\\
&&\cdots&i\\
&1&\cdots&\\
1&i&&
\end{array} \right).
$$
This matrix represents one of the three types of building blocks for the canonical form of square complex matrices with respect to
congruences found by R. Horn and V. Sergeichuk.
Key words and phrases:centralizer, congruence centralizer, Toeplitz matrix, backward identity matrix.