Application of a direct method for solving the Boltzmann equation in supersonic flow computation

The Boltzmann kinetic equation is used to numerically study the evolution of separated flows over a backward-facing step at low Knudsen numbers. The Boltzmann equation is solved by applying an explicit-implicit scheme. To improve the efficiency of the solution algorithm, it is parallelized with the help of MPI. The solution obtained with the kinetic equation is compared with those based on continuous medium equations. It is shown that the kinetic approach makes it possible to reproduce the distributions of surface pressure, friction coefficient, and heat transfer, as well as to obtain a flow structure close to experimental data.