Properties of existentially closed companions

Necessary and sufficient conditions are stated for an arbitrary theory to be an elementary theory for a class of its existentially closed models. Conditions are given under which some existentially closed model simultaneously realizes one maximal existential type and omits another. We also prove a theorem on a prime existentially closed model over a maximal existential type. Considerable complexity of existentially closed structures and their theories was noted by A. Macintyre. Therefore, the examples of existentially closed companions having any finite or countable number of pairwise non elementarily equivalent existentially closed models constructed here are of interest.