Synergetic action of ceria nanoparticles and doxorubicin on the early development of two fish species, Danio rerio and Puntius tetrazona

The combined action of ceria nanoparticles and doxorubicin on the early stages of ontogenesis of Danio rerio and Puntius tetrazona tetrazona was studied. Results obtained indicate that there is a synergetic effect of CeO$_2$ nanoparticles and doxorubicin which is demonstrated by a high incidence of embryonic malformations in fish. This synergetic effect is more pronounced in tiger barbs than in zebrafish, and depends strongly on the synthetic route of ceria nanoparticles’ preparation, the most notable effects being registered for citrate-stabilized nanoparticles.